Tradução, adaptação transcultural e análise das propriedades de medida da versão português ­ brasileiro do questionário Cares Of Older People in Europe Index (COPE Index) / Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties analyses of brazilian version of Cares of Older People in Europe (COPE Index)

Objetivo: Realizar a tradução e adaptação transcultural do COPE Index para o português- brasileiro e analisar as propriedades de medida do questionário em cuidadores de pacientes com deficiência de qualquer idade. Métodos: A primeira etapa foi a tradução e adaptação transcultural do questionário (n= 31). Seguida pela avaliação das propriedades de medida (n= 101). Os participantes foram cuidadores informais de pacientes com deficiência de qualquer idade, atendidos no Serviço de Reabilitação de Fisioterapia Neurofuncional e Musculoesquelética da Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (ISCMSP). Os dados foram coletados entre agosto/2018 e dezembro/2019. A análise estatística foi feita pelo software SPSS®, versão 13.0. As entrevistas foram realizadas em três momentos diferentes, e todos responderam o Formulário Demográfico, COPE Index, Burden Interview ­ Zarit e WHOQOL ­ Bref. Resultados: Na primeira etapa, alguns termos foram discutidos na etapa de Comitê de experts, o teste da versão pré-final foi realizado e os participantes não tiveram dúvidas. Na segunda etapa, a consistência interna, medida pelo α de Cronbach, variou entre 0,54 a 0,67, a confiabilidade foi classificada como substancial (ICC= 0,81), os valores de erro de medida nos três domínios foram considerados muito bons, foi encontrada correlação moderada entre o Impacto Negativo e Burden Interview ­ Zarit, o Valor Positivo e Relações Sociais do WHOQOL ­ Bref e Qualidade de Suporte e WHOQOL ­ Bref, e foi encontrado efeito teto no Valor Positivo e Qualidade de Suporte. Conclusão: A tradução e adaptação do COPE Index se mostrou satisfatória, com valores moderados ao avaliar suas propriedades de medida, sugerindo seu uso no auxílio das equipes de saúde.

Objective: To translate and crosscultural adapt the COPE Index to Brazilian's Portuguese and to analyses the measurement properties of the questionnaire among caregivers of disabled people of different ages. Methods: The first step was the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire (n= 31). Followed by the psychometric properties' analyses of the questionnaire (n=101). The participants of all steps were informal caregivers of disabled people of any age, assisted at Physiotherapy Neurofunctional and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation in Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo (ISCMSP). The data were collected between August/2018 and December/2019. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS® software version 13.0. The interviews were conducted in three different moments, and all the respondents answered the Demographic form, the COPE Index, the Burden Interview ­ Zarit and WHOQOL ­ Bref. Results: In the first step, some of the terms were reviewed at the Expert Committee, the test of the pre-final version was performed, and participants had no doubts. In the following step, the internal consistency, calculated with Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, varied 0,54 to 0,67, the reliability was classified as substantial (ICC=0,81), the error of measurement was considered very good in the three domains, it was observed moderate correlation with Burden Interview ­ Zarit and WHOQOL ­ Bref and ceiling effect was observed in Positive Value and Quality of Support. Conclusion: The translation and adaptation of the COPE Index proved to be satisfactory, with moderate values of the measurement properties, suggesting its use to assist the health practitioners.

Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese, and Analysis of Measurement Properties of the Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to translate, cross-culturally adapt to Brazilian Portuguese, and analyze the measurement properties of the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) Measure and investigate whether empathy can be a predictor of clinical improvement. METHODS: This psychometric study was divided into 2 stages: the cross-cultural adaptation process included 30 patients, and the evaluation of the measurement properties included 106 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. After the third therapy session with the same physical therapist, the following questionnaires were applied to assess internal consistency, construct validity, and ceiling and floor effects: Pain Numerical Rating Scale, Brazilian Portuguese version of the CARE Measure (CARE-Br), MedRisk Instrument for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Physical Therapy Care, and Global Perceived Effect Scale. To assess reliability and measurement error, the CARE-Br was answered 48 hours later. For prediction analysis of the CARE-Br in relation to clinical improvement, the participants answered the Pain Numerical Rating Scale and Global Perceived Effect Scale 2 months after baseline. RESULTS: The internal consistency was adequate (Cronbach's ɑ = 0.88), reliability was substantial (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.77), measurement error was good (standard error of the measurement = 5.16%), and a moderate correlation was found with the MedRisk Instrument for Measuring Patient Satisfaction with Physical Therapy Care (r = 0.50). A ceiling effect was also found (39.6% of participants). Empathy was not considered a predictor of clinical improvement. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the CARE Measure is reliable, adequate, and applicable in clinical settings and research in Brazil. However, it is not capable of predicting clinical improvement in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire Short-Form and STarT Back Screening Tool: Correlation and Agreement Analysis.

STUDY DESIGN: Correlation and agreement analysis. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the Brazilian Portuguese versions of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire Short-Form (ÖMPSQ-short) and the STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST)-Brazil in patients with low back pain and to verify their correlation with disability, kinesiophobia, and pain. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The ÖMPSQ-short and the SBST were designed to identify patients at risk of developing pain and disability related to psychosocial factors. METHODS: We assessed 130 patients, who answered the ÖMPSQ-short, SBST-Brazil, Roland-Morris disability questionnaire, Tampa scale of kinesiophobia, and Pain Numerical Rating scale. The total scores of the ÖMPSQ-short and the SBST-Brazil were correlated with the other questionnaires. Cross-tabulation and Cohen κ were used to analyze the agreement between the ÖMPSQ-short and the SBST-Brazil for participant classification as low or high risk for involvement of psychosocial factors. RESULTS: The ÖMPSQ-short and the SBST-Brazil presented good correlation between total scores (r = 0.73), good correlation with disability (ÖMPSQ-short: r = 0.72; SBST-Brazil: r = 0.76), and kinesiophobia (ÖMPSQ-short: r = 0.68; SBST-Brazil: r = 0.60) and moderate correlation with pain in the last episode (ÖMPSQ-short: r = 0.39; SBST-Brazil: r = 0.48), in last 2 weeks (ÖMPSQ-short: r = 0.39; SBST: r = 0.43), and current pain (ÖMPSQ-short: r = 0.39; SBST-Brazil: r = 0.31). Participant classification as high or low risk by the two questionnaires showed moderate agreement (κ = 0.49). A total of 83% of participants were classified correctly by the two questionnaires. CONCLUSION: The ÖMPSQ-short and the SBST-Brazil showed good correlation between total scores and moderate agreement for patient classification in relation to the presence of psychosocial factors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

Effectiveness of mat Pilates or equipment-based Pilates exercises in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The Pilates method has been widely used to treat patients with chronic low back pain. Pilates exercises can be performed in 2 ways: by using specific equipment or without it (also known as mat Pilates). There are no studies, however, that have compared the effectiveness of mat Pilates with that of equipment-based Pilates. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mat Pilates and equipment-based Pilates in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. DESIGN: A 2-arm randomized controlled trial with a blinded assessor was conducted. SETTING: The study was conducted at a private physical therapy clinic in Brazil. PATIENTS: Eighty-six patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain participated. INTERVENTION: The patients were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 groups: a mat Pilates group (n=43) and an equipment-based Pilates group (n=43). The participants in both groups attended 12 Pilates sessions over a period of 6 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcomes were pain intensity and disability. The secondary outcomes were global perceived effect, patient's specific disability, and kinesiophobia. A blinded assessor evaluated the outcomes at baseline and 6 weeks and 6 months after randomization. RESULTS: After 6 months, there was a statistically significant difference for disability (mean difference=3.0 points, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.6 to 5.4), specific disability (mean difference=-1.1 points, 95% CI=-2.0 to -0.1), and kinesiophobia (mean difference=4.9 points, 95% CI=1.6 to 8.2) in favor of equipment-based Pilates. No differences were found for the remaining outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Equipment-based Pilates was superior to mat Pilates in the 6-month follow-up for the outcomes of disability and kinesiophobia. These benefits were not observed for pain intensity and global perceived effect in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Effectiveness of mat Pilates or equipment-based Pilates in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a protocol of a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain is an expensive and difficult condition to treat. One of the interventions widely used by physiotherapists in the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain is exercise therapy based upon the Pilates principles. Pilates exercises can be performed with or without specific equipment. These two types of Pilates exercises have never been compared on a high-quality randomised controlled trial. METHODS/DESIGN: This randomised controlled trial with a blinded assessor will evaluate eighty six patients of both genders with chronic low back pain, aged between 18 and 60 years, from one Brazilian private physiotherapy clinic. The patients will be randomly allocated into two groups: Mat Group will perform the exercises on the ground while the Equipment-based Group will perform the Pilates method exercises on the following equipment: Cadillac, Reformer, Ladder Barrel, and Step Chair. The general and specific disability of the patient, kinesiophobia, pain intensity and global perceived effect will be evaluated by a blinded assessor before randomisation and at six weeks and six months after randomisation. In addition, the expectation of the participants and their confidence with the treatment will be evaluated before randomisation and after the first treatment session, respectively. DISCUSSION: This will be the first study aiming to compare the effectiveness of Mat and Equipment-based Pilates exercises in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. The results may help health-care professionals in clinical decision-making and could potentially reduce the treatment costs of this condition. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-7tyg5j.